In the second part of our series on grease thickeners, we will take a closer look at calcium- and lithium-based thickeners, which are among the most common soap-based thickeners used today. These thickeners can be broken into three groups: Simple - A simple soap resulting from the reaction of a single acid, usually 12 HSA and a metallic hydroxide, usually lithium, aluminum, calcium or sodium. You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long. In the real world, considerable formulation science is required to achieve commercially viable results. Multipurpose Greases, NLGI Grade: 2, Clay Grease Thickener. In most cases, lithium soap-based greases offer so many advantages that the additional cost is easily offset by increased performance. Lithium soaps are used as lubricant components and form-release agents at relatively high temperatures. Non-soaps are split into two main categories. -50 C ( -60 F) and extremely high speeds (n dm values of 1,6 x 106 can be reached). [2]. There are only a few other thickeners that are not compatible with lithium complex, when using one of the Graco greases. Types of Non-Soap Thickeners Types of Simple soap, Complex soap & Non - soap thickeners are as follows Types of simple soaps 1. Thanks. 2. 1. So how do you choose the right grease? It reduces friction as well as resists water and provides sealing. Different thickener systems can react with each other to modify the physical and chemical structure resulting in the inability to hold or release the base oil. More than 90% of all bearings have grease as a lubricant. 3. For grease to be useful, it must release enough oil in the contact zone on bearings or gears. [3].For example, production and manufacturing-unit fall under mechanical and electrical engineering. Grease & Paste could be separated into different performance range, like different temperature range resistance, thermal conductivity range, food . The manufacturing process and formulating of grease is pure chemistry. 10. The brine usually is a metal hydroxide, e.g. The combination of sodium/calcium has also been used where the calcium improves the water resistance without lowering the operating temperature of the grease too much. So, it is best to compare lithium soap-based grease to those using other thickeners, such as sodium and calcium soap thickeners. Introduction. How to Check Transmission Fluid Without Dipstick, Lithium Grease: Composition, Formulations, and Applications, Calcium Grease: Composition, Formulations, and Applications, NLGI Grease Consistency, Classifications and Applications, Base Fluid SpectraSyn 100 (Synthetic G IV), About 2-20% of thickener system (thickener transforms a liquid base oil into a grease) [2], Multipurpose grease for automotive, industrial, and marine, Multipurpose lubricant with operating temperature not exceeding 130C (266F), Bearing grease for low, medium, and high speed*. MOLYKOTE 33 Extreme Low Temp Bearing Grease (Light) is a premium silicone-based lubricant formulated with a lithium-soap thickener for excellent long-term performance. "Grease Selection: Lithium vs. Lithium Complex", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lithium_soap&oldid=1118611649, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 October 2022, at 23:41. . The lithium soap thickener guarantees mechanical stability, preventing the grease structure from softening or breaking down during use. Complex soaps are also used widely as grease thickeners. The soap is formed by reaction of lithium hydroxide with the mixture of fatty acid and dibasic acid. And why use both in grease blending as raw It is the most preferred bearing grease in almost all industrial sectors. Introductory Guide to Acid Number Lubricant Analysis, Intro to Proper Journal Bearing Lubrication, Lubrication Management Practices to Improve Operations, How to Implement Operator-Driven Reliability, The Components of an Effective Lubrication Management Program, A high dropping point of 190-200C (374-392F), Depending on the base oil, a good low-temperature function. Kindly share info on Lithium complex formulation, Your email address will not be published. So, it is best to compare lithium soap-based grease to those using other thickeners, such as sodium and calcium soap thickeners. Grade 2 is a fairly standard grease, with a consistency similar to peanut butter. Add more base oil as needed to facilitate mixing. And VI IS ALSO AVAILABLE IN 205 LITRES BARRELS. Lithium greases prepared from them have good lubricity, shear stability, thermal resistance (as measured by the dropping point, typically between 190-220C), and relatively low oil separation. About. Similarly, manufacturers use naphthenic base oils to achieve better thickening by soaps and low-temperature fluidity. We use our own and third party cookies to personalize content and analyze web traffic. Good lubricity, shear stability, thermal resistance, low oil separation, Improved water resistance over the lithium greases, good shear stability, Used in applications that operate up to 110C, bearings of water pump, wheel bearings, and agricultural vehicles, High dropping points (typically 175C), good shear stability and lubricity, Excellent oxidation resistance, good water resistance, Vibrating screens, elevator drive motors and governors where reversing motion occurs, and large electric motors with bearings operating at high linear speeds. Base Oil Viscosity of Greases @ 40 C, mm2/s, AMS . The thickener system provides a high dropping point, excellent resistance to water wash, and a tenacious structural stability. Table 1 is a lithium grease in mineral group I base oil. Similarly, the preferred base oil for high viscosity application is bright stock blend. Here base oil is available in 205 litres. These thickener particles adhere to each other and the oil matrix through chemical and physical forces. Lithium complex greases were developed in the late 1940s. Lithium Complex. Along with 130C (266F) continuous operating temperature and 190-200C dropping point. very nice please share lithium complex formulation. Grease is one the oldest lubricants that humans have used since 1400BC. By comparison, Complex lithium-based thickeners were developed two decades later in 1962, and they are able to perform in higher temperature applications of more than 100 degrees Celsius. -How does cooling rate affect grease properties? If your soap formation is correct, you will require homogenisation & deaerator for best appearance.. The main thickener used in grease is a metallic soap. In particular, solvent refined (solvent neutral SN) and hydro-processed paraffinic base oil are preferred. In addition, you'll find a list of applications where these thickeners have been successful. Apart from this, naphthenic base stocks are dominant in grease applications because of their high solvency and better thickening power.Due to the higher price of synthetic fluids like PAO, they have limited use only.Vegetable oil greases are also available. A grease thickener can influence your greases operating temperature, load, speed, and material compatibility. Lithium complex greases differed by having a higher dropping point, which allows the grease to work at higher temperatures. Greases prepared from calcium soaps have improved water resistance over the lithium greases and good shear stability. Thickener plays a significant role on the performance of grease, including rheological property, chemical and thermal stability, colloidal and mechanical stability, and so forth. A Soap Consisting of a Lithium Salt of a Fatty Acid. MOLYKOTE 55 O-Ring Grease is the industry standard for lubricating metal-on-elastomer interfaces and sealing rubber O-rings & connectors. Chem LiHSA is Lithium 12 Hydroxystearate. So, lithium hydroxide-based thickeners have the same properties. Lithium Soap Lithium greases have good lubricity, shear ability, thermal resistance, and relatively low oil separation. SKF LGLT 2 is a fully synthetic oil based grease using lithium soap. Lithium complex products have higher temperature tolerances and are found in off-highway applications with an addition of . They offer excellent lubricity, shear stability, and thermal resistance. GREASE NLGI 3 is a relative rigid grease. Calcium. Lubrication grease is a mixture of oil and soap or another thickener. Lithium soaps are the most commonly used thickeners. Complex lithium thickeners can perform in higher temperature environments, and they also offer improved structural stability, improved shear stability and lower oil bleed while still maintaining the best characteristics of simple lithium thickeners. Sodium soaps do provide good shear stability and lubricity. Symbols. "Numerous types of grease thickeners are currently in use, each with its own pros and cons. -How hold time for final temp before addition base oil for cooling affect yield and grease properties? Thereis a wide variety of soap greases to choose from and they all have different physical properties where the application requirements dictate which soap is best. Huang et al. Lithium soap thickener ensures good mechanical stability, so the grease structure does not soften or break down in service. Composition / Chemistry: Lithium Complex or Soap Thickener. These thickener types have an advantage over simple soap because of better high-temperature properties. Such as the price of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and the requirement of rust protection additives. Shell Gadus S2 V220 2 greases are designed . [6] Grease, as we know it today, is a three dimensional network of thickener particles. Lithium grease remains stable in high temperature compare to Silicone grease. as saponification, soap dissolution, re-crystallization and The purpose of this research is to prepare an homogenization [8]. Begin with understanding the components of grease and its properties. They perform well in a wide range of applications due to their versatility. High dropping point 190-200C (374-392F), Good low-temperature properties (base oil-dependent), Bearing grease for almost all types of bearings, Superior load and anti-wear properties with EP additives. -How is shaft speed affect yield. Lubricating greases are commonly formulated as mixtures of an oil and a lithium soap thickener. NPC Grease is high quality multipurpose, extreme pressure grease based on formulation of high quality mineral oil and lithium soap thickener blened with additives to increase their performance in wide range of applications. The penetration range at 77F (25C) is 265 to 295. 1. Suitable for use at temperatures up to 130C (266F), Low, medium, and high-speed bearing grease, Gear lubrication for open and enclosed gears. The first group is comprised of thickeners that undergo a chemical reaction to form the thickener, such as calcium sulfonates and polyureas.The second group is a dispersion of particles in oil that includes silica, organo-clays, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFEs), and carbon black. Greases consist 75-98% of base oil. Make sure to use a valid business email address. NLGI Grade 1-2 PAO-Based Grease with Lithium Soap Thickener and Solid Lubricant Additives for Moderate Speed & High Load Applications . See the above examples for composition or formulation. Performance, Features & Benefits Reliable high temperature performance Very good performance up to +1300C, resulting in longer bearing life. A palm-grease is made using lithium eco-friendly palm-grease, for use in bearings, gear and soap thickener 15% and base oil 85% of total product. Many fats and fatty acids are suitable to make lithium soaps. Lithium complex grease has excellent heat and water resistance and rust preventing property, as well as longer life at high temperature than lithium soap grease. The use of silicon oil and especially in dielectric grease is increasing. Simple lithium-based thickeners were developed in 1940 and are ideal for low to moderate temperature applications of 100 degrees Celsius or less. Calcium greases have a higher water resistance than lithium grease. Primary Chemical Name is the standard name assigned to a chemical substance. Lithium soaps are very efficient thickeners. The LMCG 1 from SKF is a polyethylene thickened mineral oil-based grease with lithium complex thickening technology. Kinematic Viscosity: 185.0. Base oil (75-85%) Grease Additives (5-10%) Thickener (10-15%) The thickening fibre matrix is commonly a soap produced from a fatty acid and a brine. Material Description. -How does start quantity base oil affect yield and grease properties? Synonyms are alternative names that represent the same chemical substance. Back in November 2017, the spot price for battery-grade lithium carbonate in China peaked at 175,000 yuan per tonne. The modern lithium soap (thickener), consists of 12HSA (12 hydroxystearic acid or triglycerides) mixed with lithium hydroxide monohydrate in an oil base. These performance benefits are due to the addition of a complexing agent during the formulation process, which increases cross-linking of the grease fibers and results in a stronger matrix. Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a5737489e58065245e5e0a21a61bc784" );document.getElementById("d1d327f8af").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. In most cases, lithium soap-based greases offer so many advantages that the additional cost is easily offset by increased performance. Lithium/Lithium Complex: The majority of greases sold worldwide are made with a simple lithium soap or lithium complex thickener. Caltex Molytex EP 2 Lithium Grease is formulated with a highly refined ISO VG 220 mineral base oil in combination with a lithium soap thickener and robust extreme pressure additives. Temperature, environment, and type of equipment all need to be considered when making a selection. The product consists of mineral or synthetic oil and hardened castor oil fatty acids called lithium stearate or lithium salt. However, a good complex will have a significantly more stable structure and as the temperature approaches 300C may not show an apparent loss of structure. also how can I attain transparent and crystal appearance in grease please tell. Grease is one of the oldest lubricants used by humans dating back to 1400BC. Grease is a widely applied lubricant mostly used in rolling bearings. Lithium soap complex. The metal used defines the type of soap, with lithium being the most common. Its unique thickener technology and low viscosity oil (PAO) provide excellent lubrication performances at low temperatures. Lithium soap-based grease: In almost all industrial sectors, it is the most preferred bearing grease. Specifically need anti-corrosion additives. It is a multiphase system consisting of three parts: thickener (3-30%), base oil (70-90%), and additives (Lugt ).As a semisolid material, grease has a high consistency, which prevents leakage and creates a reservoir of lubricant inside the bearing. Over time, if the oil separates too much in storage, it may be impossible for the grease to be reconstituted for use. Lithium 12-hydroxystearate is a fatty acid salt commonly known as a "lithium soap". MOLYKOTE 33 is incredibly well suited for protecting metal-on-metal and metal-on-plastic interfaces in a wide variety of equipment types. Home / Blog / What is Lithium Soap-Based Grease?. This specification defines grease composed of mineral oil and lithium soap thickener and having consistency of one, two or three (1, 2 or 3). Products. The most common mixed soap grease is lithium/calcium as the lithium will improve the high temperature resistance of the resulting grease while the calcium improves the water washout and cost. Thickener Type. SDS TDS. Synthetic oil: Lithium soap: 2 Oil separate prevention Lubricity: Noise Reduction Grease. The composition of the thickener is the mixture of lithium 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate and lithium stearate, and the molecular structure of lithium soap is shown in Fig. Simple lithium greases are widely used and very effective for basic, all-purpose greasing. The most common types are simple lithium soaps, lithium complex and polyurea. Mixed soap greases were developed to improve the short comings of individual simple soap greases. First, let's define what a grease thickener is. When aluminum soap greases get too hot from bearing heated, they form stringy gels that cause sharp increases in torque and therefore additional work is required to turn a bearing. In wet situations, excellent water resistance ensures the grease stays put and isnt washed or sprayed off, minimizing the need for frequent reapplication. additives is less than 25 wt % of the grease composition. Non-Soap Greases Sodium soap greases have high dropping points (typically 175C) but are generally limited to operating conditions not higher than 120C due to poor oxidative stability and high oil bleed. Silicone grease is silicone oil based together with inert fillers thickened with a lithium soap. Use it in normal bearing applications. The environmental impact of grease manufacturing plants and the use of grease is the domain of health and environmental sciences. According to a recent NLGI survey, the production of lithium greases is higher than all other greases combined. Simple lithium soaps are often used in low-cost general-purpose greases and perform relatively well in most performance categories at moderate temperatures. 12 Howland Road, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA, Ph: +1.508.996.6721 Fx: +1.508.997.5285. Cool to below 80C (176F), add additives, add more base oil to achieve desired NLGI grade and mill. Not all greases are created equal some will withstand high temperatures, while others are better at resisting water and other contaminants. Lubricating grease is a thickened oil (gelled). Suitable for automotive and industrial machines, plain/rolling elements bearings, marine, agricultural, mining, construction machinery, pumps, conveyors, elevators, chains, pulleys, cranes, shafts, wire ropes, and automotive applications, where good water resistance and good thermal stability are required. For example, modern lithium complex greases typically use a shorter chain-length difunctional carboxylic acid such as azelaic or adipic acid. With a consistency similar to peanut butter, NLGI Grade 2 offers a standard grease thickness. High oxidation stability within its recommended temperature range. Mixing greases in a system can cause issues with thickener systems reacting with each other. Well use them to improve our service. All Rights Reserved, Understanding Grease Thickener Technologies Part 2: Soap-Based Thickeners. Not applicable.. GMW16601. You may ask yourself why the selection of a grease thickener is so important to your application. At this time, modern lithium soap (thickener) consists of 12HSA (12-hydroxystearic acid, or triglycerides) with lithium hydroxide monohydrate in a base fluid. Simple metallic soaps are made by reacting the metallic alkali with a monobasic organic acid. Read more about cookies. The NLGI grease guide states a thickener is "the solid particles which are relatively uniformly dispersed to form the structure of lubricating grease in which the liquid is held by surface tension and other physical forces." Historically, thickeners have been classified as soaps or non-soaps. Complex soaps. The penetration range at 77F (25C) is 265 to 295. SKF LGMT 3 is mineral oil based, lithium soap thickened grease. Soaps are salts of fatty acidsthey are prepared by heating a fat with a strong base. The calcium will also shorten and smooth the coarse fibers of the sodium soap. A grease composition for resin lubrication, the grease composition to be applied to a sliding surface made of resin, the grease composition comprising: a fluorine-based base oil and a synthetic hydrocarbon oil; a fluorine-based thickener, and one of a lithium soap thickener or a lithium complex soap thickener; a fluorine-based surfactant; and an extreme pressure additive, wherein, the . To analyze the complexing effect on the microstructure of the lithium complex soap, the FE-SEM and AFM was employed to investigate the microstructure of the lithium complex soap (Fig. Lithium soap is a soap consisting of a lithium salt of a fatty acid. As a result, it is resistant to both the absorption of water and washing by water. Thickening by silica, and add other additive. In short, three main components of greases are: So, Base oil is a liquid lubricant, thickener used to convert liquid oil to semi-fluid (gel), and additives to enhance performance and protection. OEM meets requirements of Hino , Isuzu , Honda , Mitsubishi . Since lithium complex greases contain a second thickener component, known as the complexing agent, the dropping point is higher than that of simple lithium soap greases. The dropping point of 190-200C (374-392F) is lower for many high-temperature applications. [4] Production plant, manufacturing, and use require knowledge in many fields. The main components of lithium soaps are lithium stearate and lithium 12-hydroxystearate.[4]. In the same way, its viscosity or consistency and flow properties fall under rheology (the science of flow). Mineral paraffinic base oils along with naphthenic are prevalent to manufacture greases. Begin cooling, apply cooling oil (remaining base oil) at a slow, controlled rate.
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