Acknowledgements: Do not give first names in full, only initials (with period and space), e.g. See table below for output options. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors. Marine Ecology Progress Series April 13, 2021 . Project acronym: MESMA Project title: Monitoring and Evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas Funding Scheme: Collaborative project Project coordination: IMARES, IJmuiden, the Netherlands Project website: www.mesma.org Deliverable 1.1 Review Document on Variables are usually italicised (except for Greek letters). 2. Priority is given to outstanding research that advances our ecological understanding. Verbosity: Please eliminate verbiage; examples (verbiage underlined) with improved versions: Abbreviations: Define unusual abbreviations and acronyms in the 'Abstract' (if used there) and at first mention in the main text, and thereafter use only the abbreviation / acronym. West TL, Amrose WG (1992) Abiotic and biotic effects on population dynamics of oligohaline benthic invertebrates. Author content. This journal is included in the JournalGuide whitelist of reputable titles. google algorithm update 2022 september. Further subheadings can be used and you need not worry about details as long as their order is clear; they should be kept short and in the same style as described under 'Title'. Authors and addresses: If a ms has several authors from different institutions. publisher has elected to have a "zero" moving wall, so their current The researchers repeated the experiments three more times to avoid jumping to conclusions but each time they observed the same result. Orders for offprints must be made when returning the proof (use the form provided). Texts should not overlap and should be clearly visible/readable. marine ecology impact factor. The project was a collaboration with physical oceanographers, including Assistant Professor of Marine Sciences Samantha Siedlecki and Michael Alexander from NOAAs Physical Sciences Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado, who modeled CO2 levels in 2050 and 2100 for a specific part of the Gulf of Maine where sand lance spawn. It is known for its high-quality publication of cutting edge research articles. Abstracts and .pdf versions of full articles are added on the day of publication. in Marine Biology (110/110 cum laude) in 2009 and PhD in Marine Biology and Ecology He is author of Ecological Processes is a peer-reviewed open access journal published under the brand SpringerOpen. Over the lifetime, 16422 publication (s) have been published receiving 934047 citation (s). (2020) Conservation and people: towards an ethical code of conduct for the use of camera traps in wildlife research, Di Minin et al. 2011 - May 2012; Co-Director: Jan. 2013 - Mar. You may download a list of journal abbreviations from http://www.int-res.com/journals/misc/journallist.txt or use the bibliographic database software 'EndNote' to import the list and obtain styles for IR journals at http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.asp. Permission for exceptions to these rules must be obtained in writing from the publisher at the time of manuscript submission. Dynamics: Marine ecosystems; flow patterns of energy and matter as these pass through organisms, populations and ecosystems; biodiversity; trophic interrelations; production, transformation and decomposition of organic matter; plankton ecology; benthos ecology; estuarine and coastal ecology; wadden-sea ecology; coral-reef ecology; deep-sea ecology; open-ocean ecology; polar ecology; theoretical ecology; ecological methodology and technology; ecological modelling and computer simulation. Please prepare them very carefully; poor figures are a principal source of delay and additional work in the production process. Its original concept was based on 'Marine Ecology' - the first comprehensive, integrated treatise on life in oceans and coastal waters - conceived, contributed to, organized and edited by Otto Kinne, and published by John Wiley & Sons. Example: Inter-Research and International Ecology Institute mailing address: Nordbnte 23 (+21, 26, 28, 30) 21385 Oldendorf/Luhe Germany. However, sand lance embryos proved to be exceptionally sensitive, and fewer embryos hatched under future oceanic CO2 conditions. Ocean management: Anthropogenic impacts: their role as modifiers and deformers of living systems, their biological consequences and their management and control; inventory of living resources in coastal areas, estuaries and open oceans; ecological aspects of fisheries; pollution of marine areas and organisms; protection of life in the seas; management of populations, species and ecosystems; management of coastal zones and sea areas; biotechnology. *Total number of words in the manuscript (including title, authors, affiliations, keywords, body text, acknowledgements, legends, tables, and literature cited), https://www.int-res.com/journals/open-access/, Sandbrook et al. Learn more here. The results show that by 2100, due to acidification, sand lance hatching success could be reduced to 71% of todays levels. Research Square 'This study on mussels was conducted to: (1) assess their distributional range, (2) determine their population density, (3) collect specimens for culinary experiments'. So, if there are already some styles for Springer journals, these may be a good starting point. gets used for the Springer journals Polar Biology and Marine Biology). Issues per year n/a Articles published last year n/a Manuscripts received last year n/a . marine ecology progress series vol. Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center. wildcat mountain difficulty; best bone meal powder for dogs; stix restaurant hours; new york fall foliage 2022; This theory focuses on the neocortex, fundamental for higher cognitive functions, and the limbic system, key for processing emotions and social signals. Bambach RK, Knoll AH, Sepkoski JJ Jr (2002) Anatomical and ecological constraints on Phanerozoic animal diversity in the marine realm. This journal has an approved representative. Need abbreviation of Marine Ecology Progress Series? MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Mar Ecol Prog Ser Authors: Chiara Piroddi Abstract and Figures Over the last 2 decades marine open cage aquaculture in the Mediterranean Sea has grown rapidly,. About: Marine Ecology Progress Series is an academic journal. The first, or corresponding, author receives a paper or electronic proof. Nordbnte 23 21385 Oldendorf, Germany MEPS has been long established as the leading journal in marine ecology. Their range spans from the Mid Atlantic Bight all the way to Greenland. Topics covered include microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. Physiological-ecological mechanisms: Auto- and heterotrophy; thermo-, ion-, osmo- and volume-regulation; stress resistance; population genetics and ecological genome research; orientation in space and time; migrations; behavior; chemical ecology. production function in a sentence; stop and shop gas points problems. 266: 77-87, 2004 published january 30 mar ecol prog ser effects of the green macroalga enteromorpha intestinalis on macrobenthic and seagrass assemblages in a shallow coastal estuary s. p. cummins1, 2, 4,*, d. e. roberts1, 3, k. d. zimmerman1 1 school of science & technology, university of 'Low salinities enhance oyster recruitment (Miller 1995, Smith 1998)'. 2022 Marine Ecology Progress Series | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate 'Detection of shrimp WSSV'. It presents rigorously refereed and carefully selected Research articles, Reviews and Notes, as well as Comments/Reply Comments (for details see MEPS 228:1), Theme Sections, online Discussion Forums and As I See It (for details consult Guidelines for MEPS Authors) concerned with: Environmental factors: Tolerances and responses of marine organisms (microorganisms, autotrophic plants and animals) to variations in abiotic and biotic components of their environment; radioecology. This photo shows sand lance embryos that have and have not hatched. | FAQs | Call for Reviewers Director: Apr. In: Colombo G, Ferrari I, Ceccherelli VU, Rossi R (eds) Marine eutrophication and population dynamics. 'Fur seal lactation success may depend on '. axis labels). All fonts must be embedded in the file, which must not contain any security settings. Example: Periodicals: Use standard abbreviations according to 'BIOSIS Serial Sources'. Manuscripts must be transmitted in a single file that contains all text, tables, and figures. Don't let plagiarism errors spoil your paper. Germany Universities and research institutions in Germany. Other editable source file formats may be provided after acceptance upon request of the production team. This page was last updated on 28 April 2005. Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS) was founded in 1979 by Professor Otto Kinne. on the rocks espresso martini caffeine content; arrowleaf cellars discount code. Sand lance spawn in the winter months in offshore environments that tend to have stable, low levels of CO2, explains UConn Department of Marine Sciences researcher and lead author Hannes Baumann. For years, researchers have worked to understand what effect this could have on marine life. Collectivit auteur : UNESCO Personne auteur : Schneegans, Susan [editor] Personne auteur : Lewis, Jake [editor] Personne auteur : Straza, Tiffany [editor] 6. Copyright Law. Eco-ethics: Marine ecological research relevant to human thought and conduct oriented to what is right or wrong, beneficial or destructive for the total system 'Homo sapiens plus nature'. In one sentence, please (3) succinctly state how each author contributed to the research reported 4. Short form to Abbreviate Marine Ecology Progress Series. As a result, these organisms and food webs will likely be impacted first and soon, and we must act now. The main emphasis of the View full aims & scope 1.9 weeks Publication Time The "moving wall" represents the time period between the last issue Coverage: 1979-2018 (Vol. Marine Ecology Progress Series. In the USA, photocopies may be made for personal or in-house use beyond the limitations stipulated under Section 107 or 108 of U.S. Molecular Marine Ecology: Molecular basis of ecological processes. .jpg) are unsuitable. Low quality scans, files in rare formats, and pictures from the Internet (e.g. Higher quality figures may be required later for production, if the manuscript is accepted. Previous research has focused on opportunistically chosen species when testing their sensitivity for ocean acidification, says Baumann, but this should change. DiMatteo, A., Caadas, A., Roberts, J., Sparks, L., Panigada, S., Boisseau, O., Moscrop, A., Fortuna, C. M., Lauriano, G., Holcer, D., Peltier, H., Ridoux, V., Raga . Topics covered include microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. Relations or concentrations (e.g. Mangel, Marc, and 41 co-authors, including Elliott A. Norse (1996) Ecological Applications 6(2):338-362. Ethics Research published in IR journals must have been conducted in accordance with institutional, national and international guidelines concerning the use of animals in research and/or the sampling of endangered species. [1] Abstracting and indexing [ edit] The Marine Ecology Progress Series is indexed and abstracted in Biological Abstracts, Scopus, and the Science Citation Index. The journal was founded by Otto Kinne. 1 popular form of Abbreviation for Marine Ecology Progress Series updated in 2022 from '. 1, No. Figures are a very important part of an article. Cancel anytime.*. Key Words: Supply 3 to 8 key words, listed in order of importance; these may be composites (e.g. Suitable file formats During review editable source files should only be submitted in pdf, eps or tif [LZW compression] format. Decisions to review, edit and publish shall not be determined by the policies of governments or other agencies, but just by the journals themselves, and are purely based on scientific merit of the submitted work and the works fit within each journals scope. Threats to biological diversity: A scientific and . Description: The leading journal in its field, MEPS covers all aspects of marine ecology, fundamental and applied. We are returning to using continuous line numbers in manuscript submissions rather than line . A sans serif font such as Helvetica/Arial is preferred. 1 Intercultural Center for the Study of Deserts and Oceans, CEDO Inc., Tucson, AZ 85733, USA 2 Visiting Researcher, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98112, USA 3 College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA *Corresponding author: hemnalini@cedointercultural.org Get help for 7,000+ citation styles including APA 6. The journal covers: microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, resource management. Our websites may use cookies to personalize and enhance your experience. | Contact, Time from submission to first decision after peer review. Marine Ecology Progress Series strives for complete coverage of the field of marine ecology, the highest possible quality of scientific contributions, quick publication, a high technical standard of presentation Scope MEPS is international and interdisciplinary. Colour: Good quality colour images are welcome. As oceans absorb carbon, their water becomes more acidic, a process called ocean acidification (OA). The information presented here should, therefore, encourage critical application of ecological knowledge for the benefit of mankind and, in fact, of life on earth. They drive benthic-pelagic coupling by filtering dissolved and particulate organic matter from the water column, alter water chemistry in association with their symbiotic microorganisms, and increase habitat structural complexity. For details see the editorial in MEPS 153:1-3 and the Eco-Ethics International Union (www.eeiu.org). MEPS is a leading ecological journal publishing research on all aspects of marine, coastal and estuarine ecology. Scan your paper for plagiarism mistakes. The leading journal in its field, MEPS covers all aspects of marine ecology, fundamental and applied. 2,518 people like this 2,806 people follow this 4 people checked in here http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/ +49 4132 932690 meps@int-res.com up to 25 references), Critical, fair assessment of an article published in the same journal; and a reply to the Comment; see, TIFF (LZW compression), SVG (if available), EPS, PDF, SVG, EMF, TIFF (LZW compression). Ensure safety of volunteers by communicating potential hazards and guidelines to be followed . Marine Ecology Progress Series: Introduction. We thought that a fish that lives in a more open-ocean offshore environment might be more sensitive than the near-shore fish because theres just much less variability.. In rare instances, a "Marine organisms are not living in a uniform ocean," Baumann says. Legends: Table legends should be given above each table; figure legends should be supplied as a list, and not placed with the individual figures. . 'We acknowledge a grant to M.A.S. Example: 'p < 0.05, r2 = 0.879' (not 'p<0.05, r2=0.879') but: 'we studied organisms of size <0.5 m'. OA.mg. These should be self-explanatory; they must be referred to in correct numerical order in the text. Welcome to Marine Ecology Progress Series's online manuscript submission and peer-review system. ANNOUNCING THE RETURN TO CONTINUOUS LINE NUMBERS. (2021) How to address data privacy concerns when using social media data in conservation science, Guide to best practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting, State-of-the-art evaluation of important current research areas, Brief report on novel findings not warranting a full Research Article but significant enough for publication, Up to 3000 words (incl. Example: Books: Please write the title of the book in lower case, and give the publisher and place of publication. MEPS aims for the highest quality of scientific contributions, quick publication, and a high technical standard of presentation. 'We thank M. A. Smith and R. F. G. Miller'. These publications, and all parts thereof, are therefore protected by copyright. It has an ISSN identifier of 0171-8630. Example: Certain conference proceedings/symposiums may be cited as a journal. Do they . They are included in a UN-GA Resolution called the 2030 . Resolution: Rasterised images should have a resolution of at least 300 dpi at final (print) size and must be free of jpeg compression. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a "shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future". Home About Values Why OA.mg? created by a camera), and electronic files in standard formats are acceptable. All fonts must be embedded in the file, which must not contain any security settings. Subject Area and Category. Guidelines to Authors on Figure Preparation, http://www.int-res.com/journals/misc/journallist.txt, http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.asp. Manuscripts must be transmitted in a single file that contains all text, tables, and figures. We publish: Research Articles (preferably not more than 14 printed pages); Reviews, state-of-the-art evaluations of important current research areas (up to 25 printed pages); Invited Reviews, authored by prominent experts; Notes, brief reports of important new information deserving priority publication (up to 4 printed pages); Comments, critical, fair assessments of published works and Reply Comments, replies to comments (normally 2 to 3 printed pages; for more details on Comments/Reply Comments click here); Theme Sections, integrated multiauthor analyses and syntheses initiated and coordinated by acknowledged experts; they highlight cutting-edge research areas or problems (as brief as possible); online Discussion Forums,focussing on current top issues; As I See It, important, not peer-reviewed, personal perspectives (brief and fair). Permissions It is the responsibility of an author to ensure that the necessary reproduction rights for third party material used within a manuscript have been secured prior to submission. Authors. Hard copies are NOT required unless electronic submission is impossible. For the appropriate format please refer to recent issues of MEPS. ISSN: 0171-8630. Kluwer Acedemic Publishers, Dordrecht, p 661-707. Data Contact. interpolating via Adobe Photoshop) of an existing low-resolution figure-file is not sufficient, as no new information is created. High quality laser printouts, photographic prints (i.e. In summary, Marine Ecology is committed to publishing papers from all parts of the world and covering a broad range of fields and approaches. To facilitate and accelerate the production process, please make sure that the ms conforms to the IR style. The Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology provides a forum for experimental ecological research on marine organisms in relation to their environment. For example, a journal entry from Abraham Lincoln during the Civil . available in JSTOR and the most recently published issue of a journal. Articles of exceptional significance will occasionally be selected as Feature Articles and made available to the scientific community by open access on our website. The team's findings have just been published in Marine Ecology Progress Series 687. The journal covers: microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, resource management. There are instances of direct fish mortality as result of elevated CO2, but they are rare, says Baumann. All content in this area was uploaded by Howard Browman on Sep 09, 2015 . The date of the cite must be the year of publication (not the year in which the conference was held). Characteristics If several figures are of similar style, characteristics such as font type, font size and line thickness should be kept consistent. Ecological research has become of paramount importance for the future of humanity. A publication date is an important part of evaluating the credibility of a source and its appropriateness for your topic. Enter it here and use it for your future searches. At this stage, stylistic changes are not acceptable without compensatory payment. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensburg. How to publish with us, including Open Access Journal metrics 2.941 (2021) Impact factor 2.837 (2021) Five year impact factor 32 days We should concentrate on fish species that are likely the most vulnerable, and therefore the ones that are probably being affected first and this research makes a compelling argument that those are the fish species at higher latitudes and in more offshore than nearshore environments., Joint | Aquarium | In-Residence | Affiliated, Baumann, H., Jones, L.F.*, Murray, C.S., Siedlecki, S.A., Alexander, M., and Cross, E.L. (2022). ***For authors, reviewers, and editors***: Please note that we are changing our line numbering policy. Cultivation: Maintenance and rearing of, as well as experimentation with, marine organisms under environmental and nutritional conditions which are, to a considerable degree, controlled; analysis of the physiological and ecological potential of individuals, populations and species; determination of nutritional requirements; ecological aspects of aquaculture; water-quality management; culture technology. Please refer to the list below for different file format options for a range of commonly used graphic programs. Figure size When planning figures, take into account the page size of our journals: 3. PDF | On Mar 14, 2022, H. J. T. Hoving and others published Scheer et al. Topic areas include studies that focus on biochemistry, physiology, behavior, genetics, and ecological theory. Marine Ecology publishes original contributions on the structure and dynamics of marine benthic and pelagic ecosystems, communities and populations, and on the critical links between ecology and the evolution of marine organisms. For details consult Guidelines for Authors. To submit electronically, attach two files (1: the cover letter, which must include the response to reviews if the submission is a revision; and 2: the manuscript) to an email message addressed to ONE of the following. The humpback whales, sharks, tuna, cod, shearwaters, terns you name it they are all relying on sand lance, and if sand lance productivity goes down, we will see ripple effects to all these higher trophic animals. Reposted from UConn Today, 7 April 2022. This covers the exclusive rights of the publisher to reproduce (by any means, including photographic or electronic), to distribute (including via photocopies, reprints, or electronic means), and to store (on microfilm, in electronic data bases, on video disks, etc.) PhD dissertation, University of California, San Diego, CA. Using reference management software Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. Italicisation should be consistent in text, figures and equations, and kept the same whether the symbols are in normal, superscript or subscripted text. Where we studied them, on Stellwagen Bank, they are called the backbone of the ecosystem. Topics covered include microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. marine ecology impact factor. 'environmental assessment', 'population dynamics'), but they should not be phrases or sentences. Inter-Research journals are following the Committee of Publication Ethics advice on neutrality for editorial decisions. Here's an example Here's an example book citation in Marine Ecology Progress Series using placeholders: Last Name FN (2000) Title, Edition. Marine Ecology - Progress Series is listed in a wide variety of abstracting and indexing databases including Scopus, Web of Science and Research.com. Sand lance have trouble hatching at future ocean CO2 levels (photo courtesy of Emma Cross). Larger files for production may be uploaded to the Inter-Research ftp site at www.int-res.com/author_upload/. MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Mar Ecol Prog Ser INTRODUCTION Authors: Eva Plaganyi The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Nick Ellis Laura K. Blamey The. In: Weinstein MP, Kreeger DA (eds) Concepts and controversies in tidal marsh ecology. The acceptance regulations of a manuscript for publication automatically include the consent of the author(s) to transfer the copyright to the publisher. 2014 ASUC Sustainability Team (STeam) is one of the largest environmental student organizations at UC Berkeley and affiliated with the . | Privacy policy This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Ecology Progress Series. If a figure or table provides data on biological species, its legend should begin with the full Latin name of that species. March 2007; Marine Ecology Progress Series 332:247-248; . Inter-Research subsidises colour printing costs; no charge is made to authors, provided that the use of colour is appropriate. Baumann explains the lowered pH likely renders enzymes needed for successful hatching less effective, leaving the embryos unable to break through their eggshell (chorion) to hatch. Sand lances are surely one of the most important forage fish here on the Northwest Atlantic shelf, Baumann says. The journal publishes majorly in the area (s): Population & Phytoplankton. A book citation in Marine Ecology Progress Series always includes the author name (s), the publication year, the book title, and the publisher. When we stumbled upon sand lances we suspected they are different. Font size: Around 89 pt at final figure size. ceia usa induction heating systems; drake one dance chord progression Papers. (for details see MEPS 228:1), Theme Sections and Opinion Pieces. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology Guide for authors Guide for Authors Download Guide for Authors in PDF Aims and scope Your Paper Your Way INTRODUCTION Types of contribution BEFORE YOU BEGIN Ethics in publishing Declaration of competing interest Submission declaration and verification Use of inclusive language In preparing manuscripts the authors should clearly identify: (1) those aspects of their work that are particularly novel (2) the implications of their results for other geographical regions, other ecosystems and other disciplines. Leave one blank space on either side of '=', '>', etc. It is generally best to use content that was recently published or updated, but depending on your assignment, it may be appropriate to use older information. . The journal is indexed by Clarivate in the Marine & Freshwater Biology category and has an impact factor of 2.573 Journal information Editor-in-Chief Ulrich Sommer Publishing model Hybrid (Transformative Journal). mg per l) must be given as 'mg l-1' (not mg/l); this applies to text, tables and graphs (e.g. The team's findings have just been published in Marine Ecology Progress Series 687. Check for 400+ advanced grammar errors. use superscript numerals for identification; provide a full valid street address or PO Box for each institution; use * to refer to footnotes that identify the corresponding author and provide her/his e-mail. (2021) Principles for the socially responsible use of conservation monitoring technology and data, Sharma et al. Headings: Our main headings are in capital letters. All about Marine Ecology Progress Series at Researcher.Life. To avoid this, please bring your ms in line with the following guidelines: 'A novel method for the production of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to an envelope protein (28kDa) of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of shrimp and detection of WSSV by MAb-based antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay' (236 characters, 37 words). 607). marine ecology impact factor. For each article published in MEPS a free copy of the journal volume or number will be mailed to the first, or corresponding, author. While most research so far shows that fish are fairly resilient to OA, new research from UConn, the University of Washington, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Southern Connecticut State University, shows that an important forage fish for the Northwest Atlantic called sand lance is very sensitive to OA, and that this could have considerable ecosystem impacts by 2100. this material. 133-147 Abstract Sponges can have powerful effects on ecosystem processes in shallow tropical marine ecosystems. Generate MARINE-ECOLOGY-PROGRESS-SERIES citations in seconds. Sand lance spawn in the winter months in offshore environments that tend to have stable, low levels of CO 2, explains UConn Department of Marine Sciences researcher and lead author Hannes Baumann. "Marine organisms are not living in a uniform ocean," Baumann says. Sand lance spawn in the winter months in offshore environments that tend to have stable, low levels of CO 2, explains UConn Department of Marine Sciences researcher and lead author Hannes Baumann. Special Issue Call for Papers Part 2 We found that embryo survival-to-hatch decreased sharply with increasing CO2 levels in the water, concluding that this is one of the most CO2-sensitive fish species studied thus far, Baumann says. Sand lances are surely one of the most important forage fish here on the Northwest Atlantic shelf The humpback whales, sharks, tuna, cod, shearwaters, terns you name it they are all relying on sand lance. Topics covered include microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management.