Economic and Social Development Department (Statistics Division) Email: Introduction Identifying the effect of a policy or programme is a complex and challenging task. For example, deciding to scale up when the programme is actually ineffective or effective only in certain limited situations, or deciding to exit when a programme could be made to work if limiting factors were addressed. %}XS'b u { ]LL&L?p4r #$ap{>>-+bl"=aw)2'Nu)0 sir i have to check the impact of agriculture technology in 2006-07 and 2018-19, how i may apply its impact? A particular type of case study used to jointly develop an agreed narrative of how an innovation was developed, including key contributors and processes, to inform future innovation efforts. For example: A range of more detailed (mid-level and lower-level) evaluation questions should then be articulated to address each evaluative criterion in detail. Develop programme theory/theory of change, 5. 0000021471 00000 n A way to jointly develop an agreed narrative of how an innovation was developed, including key contributors and processes, to inform future innovation efforts. 0000004095 00000 n Evaluation Designs and Methods for Measuring Changes at the Individual Level 1. Other, commonly used evaluative criteria are about equity, gender equality, and human rights. Goertz&Mahoney(2012:42) argue there are two equally legitimate ways of looking at causal attribution: This is more consistent with a complexity perspective, in that a given event can have multiple cause and multiple consequences and we could focus our analysis on either side of this picture. Within the KEQs, it is also useful to identify the different types of questions involved descriptive, causal and evaluative. See:http://www.oecd.org/development/peer-reviews/2754804.pdf, OECD-DAC(accessed 2015). <> <> Excelente para mi trabajo de investigacin!!!!! In such cases, different strategies will be needed to develop and use a theory of change for impact evaluation (Funnell and Rogers 2012). Impact evaluations - rigorous studies that measure the effects of international development programmes - are at the heart of 3ie's work. An approach designed to support ongoing learning and adaptation, through iterative, embedded evaluation. Is it to ensure a relevant evaluation focus? It can identify: The evaluation may confirm the theory of change or it may suggest refinements based on the analysis of evidence. This will help to confirm that the planned data collection (and collation of existing data) will cover all of the KEQs, determine if there is sufficienttriangulationbetween different data sources and help with the design of data collection tools (such as questionnaires, interview questions, data extraction tools for document review and observation tools) to ensure that they gather the necessary information. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. Randomized Controlled Trial: An experimental design in which the individuals being studied (e.g., training participants) are randomly assigned to either an intervention condition or a control condition. In what circumstances? A strengths-based approach designed to support ongoing learning and adaptation by identifying and investigating outlier examples of good practice and ways of increasing their frequency. This book reviews quantitative methods and models of impact evaluation. A Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Guidance Note No. In other words, they are not exclusive to specific evaluation methods or restricted to quantitative or qualitative data collection and analysis. Impact evaluations measure the program's effects and how well its goals were attained. Sir I have the questions that I have two years data on agriculture technology adoption (2006-07 base case, 2018-19 endline) consists of 1440 farmers interviews. 0000009629 00000 n In theory, this method is assumption free, but in practice many assumptions are required. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee (OEDC-DAC). hbbd```b``6+A$S6d0E }:XD2jH6E`]HX$f/ International Initiative for Impact Evaluation Working Paper No. Evaluative reasoning is required to synthesize these elements to formulate defensible (i.e., well-reasoned and well evidenced) answers to the evaluative questions. On Google Books http://goo.gl/2jOpfn, (This comment is NOT just a request to pay attention toqualas well asquant! Introduction to Impact Evaluation. Multifaceted program designs 4. b. Quasi-experimental methods i. Regression Discontinuity Design ii. Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management. 0000006581 00000 n Types of stock valuation. meet the changing needs of EIA: 1) predictive methods (Chapter 4); 2) environmental risk assessment (Chapter 5); 3) economic analysis (Chapter 6); and expert systems (Chapter 8). using survey data for impact evaluation . [, What were the barriers and enablers that made the difference between successful and disappointing intervention implementation and results? If evaluative rubrics are relatively small in size, these should be included in the main body of the report. Evaluation, by definition, answers evaluative questions, that is, questions about quality and value. estimating the counterfactual (i.e., what would have happened in the absence of the intervention, compared to the observed situation), checking the consistency of evidence for the causal relationships made explicit in the theory of change. A strengths-based approach to learning and improvement that involves intended evaluation users in identifying outliers those with exceptionally good outcomes - and understanding how they have achieved these. For example, achieving the intermediateoutcomes of improved access to land and increased levels ofparticipation in community decision-making might occur before, andcontribute to, the intended final impact of improved health andwell-being for women. See:http://www.oecd.org/dac/evaluation/daccriteriaforevaluatingdevelopmentassistance.htm, StufflebeamD (2001). may i say that who is adopting agriculture technology is control group? Pragmatic because better evaluations are achieved (i.e., better data, better understanding of the data, more appropriate recommendations, better uptake of findings); ethical because it is the right thing to do (i.e., people have a right to be involved in informing decisions that will directly or indirectly affect them, as stipulated by the UN human rights-based approach to programming). One way of doing so is to use a specific rubric that defines different levels of performance (or standards) for each evaluative criterion, deciding what evidence will be gathered and how it will be synthesized to reach defensible conclusions about the worth of the intervention. The term implies a broad evaluation that considers unintended consequences.In other words, a program or project may achieve its targets but then have an overall negative impact. Introduction to Mixed Methods in Impact Evaluation. 1. Elsewhere, its fundamental basis may revolve around adaptive learning, in which case the theory of change should focus on articulating how the various actors gather and use information together to make ongoing improvements and adaptations. 0000101779 00000 n The specific evaluative rubrics should be used to interpret the evidence and determine which considerations are critically important or urgent. 0000115803 00000 n 0000037991 00000 n For more information, see: Well-chosen and well-implemented methods for data collection and analysis are essential for all types of evaluations. Retrieved from http://www.betterevaluation.org/themes/impact_evaluation. In cases of implementation failure, it is reasonable to recommend actions to improve the quality of implementation; in cases of theory failure, it is necessary to rethink the whole strategy for achieving impacts. The purpose of the series is to build the capacity of NGOs (and others) to demonstrate effectiveness by increasing their understanding of and ability to conduct high quality impact evaluation. A range of approaches that engage stakeholders (especially intended beneficiaries) in conducting the evaluation and/or making decisions about the evaluation. Define ethical and quality evaluation standards, 6. Guidance NoteNo. Is it reasonable to expect there to be different methods used to identify the causes of an effect as compared to the effects of a cause? The Competence Centre on Microeconomic Evaluation (CC-ME) supports impact evaluation of EU policies by using existing micro-data, which allows to analyse the impact of EU policies on individuals and in small geographical areas in different fields including social, industrial and environmental policies. PerrinB (2012). After reviewing currently available information, it is helpful to create an evaluation matrix (see below) showing which data collection and analysis methods will be used to answer each KEQ and then identify and prioritize data gaps that need to be addressed by collecting new data. H\n@E|E/E*Hc'IFvb@m/7Hd`s:M+]ZoI^o=7S2n8I]wx=t>MN?a6YLk35goa|{5s)2>4'u_JwU,;&$u,D~$?+r7-y~&?_qh]geN [;+Yt(Pk %ZeKr eO,rY!cY8w/kZAVP+\:5 p,EE>>;fdfd` yy 'H7[WnrX_\xGc:r"kr SEx'&-S33$tcf@' /o8|?? 0000107395 00000 n Impact evaluation methods for youth employment 5 interventions Guide on Measuring Decent Jobs for Youth Monitoring, evaluation and learning in labour market programmes Note. In a true mixed methods evaluation, this includes using appropriate numerical and textual analysis methods and triangulating multiple data sources and perspectives in order to maximize the credibility of the evaluation findings. 0000157631 00000 n The following resources describe the value of both approaches including their core concepts, guidelines, strategies, and techniques for implementation. )2c4Rh$ 4D+@8g#nsWfK~{ See:https://www.dmeforpeace.org/resource/evaluation-values-and-criteria-checklist/, UNEG(2013). implication including choosing an evaluation method, designing steps, and resource commitments. Hello Patricia, 0000097392 00000 n % San Francisco:Jossey-Bass/Wiley. Itis a useful approach to document stories of impact and to develop an understanding of the factors that enhance or impede impact. Washington DC:InterAction. The content is based on UNICEF Methodological Briefs for Impact Evaluation, a collaborative project between the UNICEF Office of Research Innocenti, BetterEvaluation, RMIT University and the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie).The briefs were written by (in alphabetical order): E. Jane Davidson, Thomas de Hoop, Delwyn Goodrick, Irene Guijt, Bronwen McDonald, Greet Peersman, Patricia Rogers, Shagun Sabarwal, Howard White. Handbook on Impact Evaluation: Quantitative Methods and Practices. Kalamazoo: Western Michigan University Checklist Project. Impact Evaluation Notes No.2. Three questions need to be answered in each situation: (1) What purpose will stakeholder participation serve in this impact evaluation? Approaches (on this site) refer to an integrated package of options (methods or processes). Ease of access to subjects . Handbook on impact evaluation : quantitative methods and practices (English) Abstract. "U_Y2+%%~]i~R{ !ne.;*|/ C endstream endobj 181 0 obj <> endobj 182 0 obj <>stream ; and. hb```=z ea!pvVO7 L*=O8x--o[-```h` r4:EiI #\ !p!UksfG"WyK```S(\.m*S u,F g9Y&. A Rapid Evaluation is an approach that uses multiple evaluation methods and techniques to quickly and systematically collect data when time or resources are limited. If an impact evaluation fails to systematically undertake causal attribution, there is a greater risk that the evaluation will produce incorrect findings and lead to incorrect decisions. Evaluation matrix: Matching data collection to key evaluation questions, Examples of key evaluation questions (KEQs). 6 What methods can be used to do impact evaluation? For example, focus group discussions may be conducted with clients, brief structured interviews . Develop planning documents for the evaluation or M&E system, 8. Review evaluation (do meta-evaluation), 2. Both methods provide important information for evaluation, and both can improve community engagement. Princeton University Press. 0000004814 00000 n Using statistical and econometric methods, impact evaluation assesses the changes in target society achieved by specific measures, projects, or . I am writing a practicum for a MSc in project management and evaluation. 0000003269 00000 n This lack of evaluation becomes problematic when libraries must qualify and quantify their impact on educational goals and outcomes. Impact Evaluation for Development: Principles for Action-This paper discusses strategies to manage and undertake development evaluation. 0 A theory of change that explains how activities are understood to produce a series of results that contribute to achieving the ultimate intended impacts, is helpful in guiding causal attribution in an impact evaluation. Alternative solutions 1 Experimental evaluation ("Social experiment") Program is randomly assigned, so that everyone has the same probability of receiving the treatment. Washington DC:InterAction. The priority at this stage is to understand and improve the quality of implementation. The objective of this paper is assessing the impact of shop drawings in meeting project . For answering causal KEQs, there are essentially three broad approaches to causal attribution analysis: (1) counterfactual approaches; (2) consistency of evidence with causal relationship; and (3) ruling out alternatives (see above). Qualitative methods help you understand shifts in perceptions, beliefs, behaviours and are most often collected through interviews, observations and focus groups. 0000009288 00000 n Like any other evaluation, an impact evaluation should be planned formally and managed as a discrete project, with decision-making processes and management arrangements clearly described from the beginning of the process. There are no clear intended uses or intended users for example, decisions have already been made on the basis of existing credible evidence, or need to be made before it will be possible to undertake a credible impact evaluation. Hence, it is particularly important that impact evaluation is addressed as part of an integrated monitoring, evaluation and research plan and system that generates and makes available a range of evidence to inform decisions. The distinction between outcomes and impacts canbe relative, and depends on the stated objectives of an intervention. Impact evaluations need to go beyond assessing the size of the effects (i.e., the average impact) to identify for whom and in what ways a programme or policy has been successful. Document management processes and agreements, 7. Explain the impact evaluation tools and methods such as graphs, surveys, econometric and statistical tools, non-parametric methods, case studies, beneficiary assessment, contribution analysis, and many others. The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical . A good understanding is needed of how these impacts were achieved in terms of activities and supportive contextual factors to replicate the achievementsof a successful pilot. Others use wider definitions that Quasi-experimental Designs and Methods, Combine Qualitative and Quantitative Data, UNICEF Brief 10. There are five key principles relating to internal validity (study design) and external validity (generalizability) which rigorous impact evaluations should address: confounding factors, selection bias, spillover effects, contamination, and impact heterogeneity. Many impact evaluations use the standard OECD-DAC criteria (OECD-DACaccessed 2015): The OECD-DAC criteria reflect the core principles for evaluating development assistance (OECD-DAC 1991) and have been adopted by most development agencies as standards of good practice in evaluation. Randomized Controlled Trials, UNICEF Brief 8. Although many impact evaluations use a variety of methods, what distinguishes a mixed methods evaluation is thesystematic integration ofquantitative and qualitative methodologies and methods at all stages of an evaluation (Bamberger 2012). InterActionImpact Evaluation Guidance Notes andWebinarSeries: Rogers P (2012). The debate in the evaluation community on preferred methods (such as those documented in An evaluation should have a limited set of high-level questions which are about performance overall. It is peripheral to the strategies and priorities of an organisation, partnership and/or government. Thank you for your reply, it was very helpful. An impact evaluation approach which unpacks an initiatives theory of change, provides a framework to collect data on immediate, basic changes that lead to longer, more transformative change, and allows for the plausible assessment of the initiatives contribution to results via boundary partners. 0000088937 00000 n 0000082099 00000 n IMPACT EVALUATION. 3. Evaluation values and criteria checklist. Section VII concludes. There was some discussion of this on the RAMESES(Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Synthesis: Evolving Standards)discussion listhttps://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=RAMESES;1fc28313.1411. Goertz, G., Mahoney, J., 2012. Many development agencies use the definition of impacts provided by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee: positive and negative, primary and secondary long-term effects produced by a development intervention, directly or indirectly, intended or unintended. (OECD-DAC 2010). Is it to build ownership of a donor-funded programme? Battelle Environmental Evaluation System In this method, environmental impacts are split into main categories; ecology, pollution, aesthetics and human interest. Participation can occur at any stage of the impact evaluation process: in deciding to do an evaluation, in its design, in data collection, in analysis, in reporting and, also, in managing it. second question is what is control and treatment? FunnellS and Rogers P (2012). In recent years, the nascent field of neuroaesthetics has gained momentum as scientists interested in the neural processes underlying an esthetic experience, such as a beautiful painting, piece of music, or dance performance, have begun to elucidate the links between sensory input and the observers' affective evaluation (Zeki, 1999; Blood and Zatorre, 2001; Cela-Conde et al . Washington DC:InterAction. It describes methods and procedures for the analysis of results from sensory tests; explains the reasons for selecting a particular procedure or test method; and discusses the organization and operation of a testing program, the design of a test facility . Good data management includes developing effective processes for: consistently collecting and recording data, storing data securely, cleaning data, transferring data (e.g., between different types of software used for analysis), effectively presenting data and making data accessible for verification and use by others. [, To what extent did the intervention represent the best possible use of available resources to achieve results of the greatest possible value to participants and the community? 0000002594 00000 n And, some are used for particular types of development interventions such humanitarian assistance such as: coverage, coordination, protection, coherence. There are many different methods for collecting data. "3rF&F5`t"30~~` bw While MM can be used as part of a large and well-funded ImpactEvaluation, the Methodshave the flexibility to be equally useful for the many NGOs that require credible evaluations of their programs, but whose resources and expertise for conducting Impactevaluations are limited. 0000008878 00000 n ruling out alternative explanations, through a logical, evidence-based process. Analytical Methods For Impact . 3 0 obj This approach also helps us to consult and seek consensus with the participants and stakeholders. [, Are any positive results likely to be sustained? different approaches to impact evaluation; this is especially the case when the complexity and dynamism of the change processes are duly recognized (Rogers, 2009) and specific key evaluation questions are formulated. Keywords: Impact evaluation, randomisation, regression discontinuity, propensity score matching, mixed method. The World Bank. A theory of change should be used in some form in every impact evaluation. To answer evaluative questions, what is meant by quality and value must first be defined and then relevant evidence gathered. Founder and former-CEO, BetterEvaluation. If the intervention is to be scaled up or replicated in a different setting. 0000006164 00000 n 0000001931 00000 n Success Case Method. Evaluative reasoning is a requirement of all evaluations, irrespective of the methods or evaluation approach used. _W+ Mahoney, J., Goertz, G., 2006. Gender injustice and inequality: what helps in assessing impact? 5 How to plan and manage an impact evaluation?
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